Priming and activation of conventional and novel protein kinase C.Structural composition of protein kinase C.Discovery of a phosphorylating activity independent of cAMP.Protein Kinase C in Oncogenic Transformation and Cell Polarity Three precise descriptions of steroids in action in the context of pregnancy.Non-genomic signaling modes of nuclear receptors.Nuclear receptors in context: cross-talk with other transcription factors.Domain architecture and general structure of the DNA–protein complex.Insulin causes disassembly of the CREB-mediated PIC.Glucagon and cortisol (glucocorticoid) cooperate.CREB stimulates the gluconeogenic program.Ser133-phosphorylated CREB recruits coactivators CREBBP, PE300, and CRTC2.Transcription and transcription factors.CREB is member of the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of proteins.PKA substrates involved in gluconeogenesis.Signaling through the glucagon receptor.Glucagon and glucocorticoids augment gluconeogenesis.Bringing the Signal into the Nucleus: Regulation of Gene Expression Michael Abercrombie a pioneer in cell migration.Mobilizing Ca 2+ through cyclic ADP ribose, NAADP, and sphingosine-1-phosphate.Mechanisms that elevate cytosol Ca 2+ concentration.Tools to study the role of Ca 2+ in cellular processes.Ca 2+/calmodulin-mediated regulation of protein activity.Other signaling pathways involved in chemosensing.Note on phototransduction in invertebrates.Sensitivity of photoreceptors and adaptation to changing light intensities.Sensory Signal Processing Visual Transduction and Olfaction Neurotransmitters that function with both ionotropic and metabotropic signaling mechanisms.Acetylcholine and the induction of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator.Acetylcholine, acting on the M3 receptor, causes airway constriction and mucus secretion.Acetylcholine, acting on the M2-receptor, reduces force and slows down the heart rate.Type IV nicotinic AChR induces skeletal muscle contraction.Cholinergic receptor subtypes nicotinic and muscarinic.Cholinergic Signaling and Muscle Contraction α1-adrenoceptors and visceral vasoconstriction.Arresting the β-adrenoreceptor signal: pathway switching and the role of G-protein receptor kinase and arrestin.Adrenaline as a cardiac ino- and chronotrope messenger.Muscle contraction: striated versus smooth muscle.How do ligand-binding characteristics translate into signaling effects?.Adrenoceptor agonists, antagonists, and inverse agonists.Adrenaline-binding and G-protein-coupling mechanisms.Regulation of Muscle Contraction by Adrenoceptors Decision-making in glycogen synthesis and breakdown: concerted action of kinases and phosphatases.Regulation by intramolecular domain interaction, the example of PTPN6 (SHP-1).PPP1R12A (MYPT1) as an example of how a regulatory subunit controls substrate selectivity (of PP1CC).Substrate phosphorylation motifs and distal docking sites.Bacterial exceptions: phosphoenolpyruvate as phosphate donor and histidine kinases as environmental sensors.Which amino acids are susceptible to phosphorylation?.Protein domains, their folds, and their graphic representations.Protein kinases catalyze the phosphate transfer.Posttranslational modifications involved in signaling events.Wired allostery and thoughtful decisions.The plasma membrane barrier, membrane receptors, and signal transduction.First-messenger signals are ambiguous: their meaning is embedded in context.Cells need ways to create symbolic representations of their (changing) environment.Prologue: Signal Transduction from an Historical Perspective The subjects have been enriched with descriptions of the relevant anatomical, histological, physiological or pathological condition. Signal transduction third edition further elaborates on diverse signaling cascades within particular contexts such as muscle contraction, innate and adaptive immunity, glucose metabolism, regulation of appetite, oncogenic transformation and cell fate decision during development or in stem cell niches. The phosphorylation process, from bacteria to men, is discussed in detail. In a new chapter, an introduction to signal transduction, the book provides a concise overview of receptor mechanisms, from receptor – ligand interactions to post-translational modifications operational in the process of bringing about cellular changes. A reference on cellular signaling processes, the third edition of Signal Transduction continues in the tradition of previous editions, in providing a historical overview of how the concept of stimulus-response coupling arose in the early twentieth century and shaped our current understanding of the action of hormones, cytokines, neurotransmitters, growth factors and adhesion molecules.